[First junior doctors: State of play one year after the implementation of the consolidation phase within the diploma of specialized studies in internal medicine and clinical immunology]. / Premiers docteurs juniors : état des lieux à un an de la mise en place de la phase de consolidation au sein du diplôme d'études spécialisées de médecine interne et immunologie clinique.

INTRODUCTION: The 2017 reform of the 3rd cycle of medical studies introduced the concept of supervised autonomy with the creation of a new junior doctor (JD) status. The aim of this work was to interview the first class of JDs in internal medicine and clinical immunology (IMCI) regarding the progress and implementation of this final year of internship. METHODS: The IMCI JDs were invited to complete an anonymous online survey, contacted by email and social networks. RESULTS: The questionnaire received 36 responses out of an estimated fifty JDs. The majority of JDs spent more than 70% of their time on conventional hospitalisation and less than 20% on scheduled hospitalisation. Most of them would have preferred to do more consultations and provide expert counsels. Weekly working hours were not respected for the majority of JDs. Personal education and academic formation were not respected for 77.8% of JDs. Overall, 75% were satisfied with their empowerment and 88.6% felt that the transition to post residency would be easier with the consolidation phase. A third reported that their residency had confirmed their apprehension about practising as an internist, and even that this apprehension might call into question their future practice. CONCLUSION: This survey is an initial assessment of the implementation of the JD year in the IMCI residency. A collective effort around this last year of internship seems to be essential to ensure the personal and professional development of young internists.

Factors Associated With Genotypic Resistance and Outcome Among Solid Organ Transplant Recipients With Refractory Cytomegalovirus Infection.

Genotypically resistant cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is associated with increased morbi-mortality. We herein aimed at understanding the factors that predict CMV genotypic resistance in refractory infections and disease in the SOTR (Solid Organ Transplant Recipients) population, and the factors associated with outcomes. We included all SOTRs who were tested for CMV genotypic resistance for CMV refractory infection/disease over ten years in two centers. Eighty-one refractory patients were included, 26 with genotypically resistant infections (32%). Twenty-four of these genotypic profiles conferred resistance to ganciclovir (GCV) and 2 to GCV and cidofovir. Twenty-three patients presented a high level of GCV resistance. We found no resistance mutation to letermovir. Age (OR = 0.94 per year, IC95 [0.089-0.99]), a history of valganciclovir (VGCV) underdosing or of low plasma concentration (OR= 5.6, IC95 [1.69-20.7]), being on VGCV at infection onset (OR = 3.11, IC95 [1.18-5.32]) and the recipients' CMV negative serostatus (OR = 3.40, IC95 [0.97-12.8]) were independently associated with CMV genotypic resistance. One year mortality was higher in the resistant CMV group (19.2 % versus 3.6 %, p = 0.02). Antiviral drugs severe adverse effects were also independently associated with CMV genotypic resistance. CMV genotypic resistance to antivirals was independently associated with a younger age, exposure to low levels of GCV, the recipients' negative serostatus, and presenting the infection on VGCV prophylaxis. This data is of importance, given that we also found a poorer outcome in the patients of the resistant group.

[Association between students' clinical performance and their success in the computerized national ranking tests: A single-center retrospective cohort study]. / Association entre les performances cliniques des étudiants et leur réussite aux Épreuves classantes nationales informatisées : une étude de cohorte rétrospective monocentrique.

INTRODUCTION: Before attending residency, 6th-year French medical students must validate a final examination including a practical clinical test in their faculty. However, the national ranking that determines their future specialty and region solely relies on a computerized knowledge test. Our goal was to investigate the association between the final faculty test and the national ranking test. METHODS: In our faculty, the final examination includes a computerized theoretical test (similar to the national one) and a practical test: a standardized evaluation of semiology skills at the bedside and a standardized assessment of relational skills with role plays. The agreements between the national test and faculty computerized and practical tests were analyzed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). RESULTS: Data from 1806 students who underwent the three examinations from 2017 to 2021 were analyzed. There was a good agreement between the ranks in the faculty and national computerized tests: ICC 0.83 (95% CI 0.81-0.85). By contrast, the agreement between the ranks in the faculty practical test and the national computerized test was poor: ICC 0.13 (95% CI 0.08-0.17). Results were stable over the years. CONCLUSION: The agreement between the ranking of the current national test and the clinical skills assessed by a specific faculty test is poor. This could relate to a true independence or to different levels of motivation to perform well. Indeed, the result of the national test is the most important one as it determines their career. Incorporating a clinical assessment into the national ranking test will motivate students to acquire clinical skills and value those who perform well this practical dimension.

[Place of internal medicine specialists in inpatient unprogrammed care of adult patients in France: A survey of in training and senior internal medicine specialists]. / Place des internistes dans la prise en charge hospitalière de la médecine adulte non programmée : enquête auprès des internistes en formation et en exercice.

INTRODUCTION: French internal medicine specialists are trained in clinical immunology and rare diseases as well as frequent ones. The latest activity is rarely highlighted by practitioners themselves and their representative authorities. Frequent diseases care in French hospitals are also the tasks of physicians without internal medicine specialty, mostly trained in general medicine, who practice in departments carrying various names. METHODS: We conducted a survey to estimate the part of frequent diseases' care and unplanned hospital medicine in the practice of specialists and residents in internal medicine in France, and its designation, through two surveys released by the "Collège National Professionnel de Médecine Interne" (for the internal medicine specialists), and the "Amicale des Jeunes Internists" (for the internal medicine residents). RESULTS: A total of 180 and 247 responses were obtained among the residents and the specialists, respectively, representing 31.3% and 24.8% of the internal medicine specialist's workforce. The most suitable qualifier for frequent diseases' care and unplanned hospital medicine, primarily post-emergency, was "general hospital medicine" for 48.9% of the residents and "general internal medicine" for 35.6% of the specialists. Unplanned hospital medicine was considered to represent a large part of the internal medicine activity by 66.7% and 64.7% of residents and specialists, respectively. A 50% and more hourly part of the activity devoted to it was reported by 71.4% of the residents and 76.1% of the specialists. General hospital medicine was reported to be distinct from internal medicine-clinical immunology by 46.1% of the residents and 47.4% of the specialists. CONCLUSION: French internists devote a large part of their activities to frequent diseases' care and unscheduled medicine, the name of which was not consensual. However, their work could not be summarized to it, often involving a specific activity named internal medicine - clinical immunology.